MATENDA A NKHUKU NDI ZOYENERA KUCHITA

MATENDA A NKHUKU NDI ZOYENERA KUCHITA

Chitopa

• Matenda a chitopa timayambitsa ndi tizirombo ta mtundu wa vayilasi
• Chitopa chimagwira nkhuku ya msikhu uliwonse
• Matendawa alibe makhwala ochiza
• Chofunika ndikuteteza nkhuku zisanadwale

Zizindikiro za Chitopa

• Nkhuku imatentha thupi
• Nkhuku siyimadya
• Nkhuku imapuma mobanika
• Nkhuku imapinda khosi
• Nkhuku zimachita chitosi chobiriwira
• Nkhuku imatsokomola/kukhosomola
• Nkhuku imafundira mapiko
• Nkhuku zimafa zambiri ndipo nthawi zina zimafa zonse.

Zoyenera kuchita poteteza

• Chotsani nkhuku zimene zasonyeza zizindikiro za chitopa ndi kuziyika pazokha
• Tetezani nkhuku zanu zisanadwale pozipatsa katemera
• Musalore anthu osiyanasiyana kulowa mu khola la nkhuku ndipo onetsetsani kuti olowa mkhola aponde madzi a mankhwala a mtundu wa (disinfectant) opha tizirombo
• Perekani katemera wotchedwa Lasota kapena I2 pakatha miyezi itatu kapena inayi iri yonse kuti muteteze nkhuku ku matenda a chitopa.

Gumboro

• Matenda a Gumboro timayambitsa ndi tizirombo tamtundu wa vayilasi
• Amagwira nkhuku za msinkhu woyambira tsiku limodzi mpaka masabata 8
• Matendawa amafala kudzera mu mumphweya, fumbi, zitosi, ziwiya ndi kusuntha nkhuku zodwala kapena zophedwa kuchokera malo ena kupita dela lina
• Matenda a Gumburo amatha kupha theka la khola lonse la nkhuku.

Zizindikiro za Gumboro

• Kusasangalala
• Kusadya
• Kumwa madzi ambiri mowilikiza
• Nkhuku yodwala imakhala chonyonyomala
• Nkhuku imatsegula mmimba mwa zitosi zobiriwira
• Mapiko amalendewera ndipo m’nthenga zimanyankhalala
• Nkhuku zodwala zimatha kufa masiku ochepa chidwalirireni.

Kuteteza

• Onetsetsani kuti m’khola ndi mwa ukhondo nthawi zonse
• Sesani mkhola ndi kutsukiramo makhwala opha tizirombo otchedwa formalin wa 4%
• Osalowetsanso nkhuku zina mkholamo mpaka patatha sabata imodzi
• Nkhuku zosiyana misinkhu zisawetedwe pamodzi
• Pewani kukayendera makola a anzanu
• Perekani katemera ku nkhuku zanu ndi katemera wotchedwa Bursin-2 pamene nkhuku zamaliza sabata imodzi, bwerezani pamene zamaliza sabata zitatu
• Onetsetsani kuti nkhuku zonse zodwala zachotsedwa pakati pa zina

Kamwazi wa Nkhuku

• Matendawa amagwira nkhuku zamtundu uli wonse komanso msinkhu uli onse
• Matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi tizirombo ta mtundu wa Coccidia
• Tiziromboti timagwira ndi kuswana m’matumbo a nkhuku
• Matendawa amafala kudzera muchakudya, madzi, utuchi, ziwiya, anthu kapena ziweto zina zomwe zagwedwa zitosi zokhala ndi mazira a tiziromboti.
• Tizirombo timeneti tikhoza kukhala ndi moyo mu utuchi kapena mudothi kwa chaka

Zizindikiro za Kamwazi

• Kusasangalala
• Mapiko amalendewera ndipo nthenga zimanyankhalala
• Zitosi zosakanikira ndi magazi kapena za madzimadzi

Kupewa matenda a Kamwazi

• Onetsetsani kuti mukuchita ukhondo mu khola
• M’khola mudzikhala mouma nthawi zonse
• Nkhuku zisathinane m’khola ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukusunga nkhuku zofanana misinkhu mkhola limodzi
• Perekani mankhwala otchedwa Triple Sulpher, ESB3 kapena Amprolium kwa nkhuku zimene zikusonyeza zizindikiro za matendawa
• Patulani nkhuku zodwala ndi kuzisunga pazokha.

Nthomba

• Matendawa amagwira nkhuku za msinkhu uli wonse
• Tizirombo tamtundu wa vayilasi ndito timayambitsa
• Tiziromboti timalowa mthupi la nkhuku kudzera muzironda za mkamwa, pa lipombo ndi pa gawo liri lonse la thupi
• Tiziromboti timapilira ku nyengo zouma moti titha kukhala mpaka zaka 10 munyengozi
• Matendawa amafala mwa pang’ono pang’ono ndipo atha kukhalabe mkhola mpaka miyezi itatu

Zizindikiro za Nthomba

• Amayamba ndi timatuza toyera tomwe kenako timauma nkuoneka tabulawuni pa lipombo ndi kunkhope ya nkhuku
• Pakutha pa sabata ziwiri kapena zitatu timauma
• Matendawa akakhodzokera, zizindikiro zimaoneka m’miyendo ndi mthupi lonse. Matuzawa akasupulidwa amaoneka ngati chilonda cha tsopano
• Matendawa amapha nkhuku koma osati kwambiri, komabe nkhuku zoyikira zimaikira mochepera

Kuteteza

Perekani katemera wotchedwa poxine pakati pa masabata 7 mkapa 16 akubadwa. Katemerayu amabayidwa mu phiko. Ndipo popereka katemera uzani alangizi akuthandizeni.

Chimfine

• Matendawa amayambitsidwa ndi tizirombo ta mtundu wa bakiteria
• Nthawi zambiri amatendawa amabwera mwa mphamvu kwambiri nthawi zinanso amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali m’nkhuku asanathe, koma amafala kwambiri
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• Amatupitsa gawo la kumutu ndi mphuno za nkhuku
• Tizirombo toyambitsa matendawa timalowa mthupi la nkhuku kudzera mmaso ndi mu mphuno.
• Tiziromboti timatha kukhala kunja kwa thupi la nkhuku kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu komabe sitichedwa kufa ndi kutentha.

Matendawa mungawazindikire powona izi ku nkhuku:

• Kutupa maso ndi kholingo
• kuvutika kupuma
• Kutuluka mamina onunkha
• kusiya kuikira mazira ndi
• kuyetsemula.

Choyenera kuchita tikaona chimodzi mwa zizindilirozi

• Matendawa ndi ochizika
• Kaguleni mankhwala oyenera monga Streptomycin, Dihydrostreptomycin polumikizana ndi alangizi aziweto.

Nthata za Nkhuku

Iti nditizirombo tomwe timayamwa magazi mthupi la nkhuku

Zizindikiro

• Tiziromboti timaoneka pa thupi la nkhuku
• Nkhuku zimaoneka zosowa mtendere
• Zimadzikandakanda
• Pena zimakonda kusamba mfumbi, mchenga, utuchi kapena phulusa
• Nkhuku zimaoneka zoperewera magazi mthupi ndipo lioombo limaoneka lotuwa ndi lofota

 

Kuteteza kwake

• Sesani mkhola tsiku ndi tsiku
• Kwa nkhuku zomwe ziri ndi nthata zithireni mankhwala otchedwa Actelic pauda ndi kuwazanso mkhola.

Njoka za m’mimba

• Nkhuku nazonso zimadwala njoka za mmimba
• Nkhuku zimagwidwa ndi njoka za m’mimba kudzera mu zakudya ndi madzi omwe agwera zitosi zokhala ndi mazira a njoka za m’mimba.

Zizindikiro za Njoka za m’mimba

• Nkhuku zimachepa magazi, zimanyentchera ndipo zimapinimbira (sizikula bwino)
• Nkhuku zoikira mazira zimasiya kuikira
• Nkhuku zimatsegula m’mimba

Zoyenera kuchita tikaona zizindikirozi

• Tizipatse mankhwala nkhuku zathu zikafika masabata 17 kenako pakapita masiku 21 kenakonso pakatha miyezi itatu iri yonse
• Kaguleni mankhwala a njoka za m’mimba kumasitolo kapena kafunseni kwa a langizi a ziweto

Kuteteza nkhuku ku Njoka za m’mimba

• Tsatirani ukhondo wa mkhola
• Perekani mankhwala opha njoka za m’mimba monga Piparazine nthawi ndi nthawi monga kumayambiliro a nyengo ya mvula ndi ku mathero a nyengo ya mvula

 Tsatirani ndondomeko ya katemera kuti nkhuku zanu zitetezedwe motere:

 Katemera wa nkhuku za mazira:

 Katemera wa nkhuku za nyama: